International Journal of
Medical and
Allied Science Research

Medical Research

 

        Medical research also known as experimental medicine, encompasses a wide array of research, extending from "basic research" (also called bench science or bench research), – involving fundamental scientific principles that may apply to a preclinical understanding – to clinical research, which involves studies of people who may be subjects in clinical trials. Within this spectrum is applied research, or translational research conducted to expand knowledge in the field of medicine.

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         Both clinical and preclinical research phases exist in the pharmaceutical industry's drug development pipelines, where the clinical phase is denoted by the term clinical trial. However, only part of the clinical or preclinical research is oriented toward a specific pharmaceutical purpose. The need for fundamental and mechanism-based understanding, diagnostics, medical devices, and non-pharmaceutical therapies means that pharmaceutical research is only a small part of medical research.

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          The increased longevity of humans over the past century can be significantly attributed to advances resulting from medical research. Among the major benefits of medical research have been vaccines for measles and polio, insulin treatment for diabetes, classes of antibiotics for treating a host of maladies, medication for high blood pressure, improved treatments for AIDS, statins and other treatments for atherosclerosis, new surgical techniques such as microsurgery, and increasingly successful treatments for cancer. New, beneficial tests and treatments are expected as a result of the Human Genome Project. Many challenges remain, however, including the appearance of antibiotic resistance and the obesity epidemic.

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          Most of the research in the field is pursued by biomedical scientists, but significant contributions are made by other types of biologists. Medical research on humans has to strictly follow the medical ethics sanctioned in the Declaration of Helsinki and the hospital review board where the research is conducted. In all cases, research ethics are expected.

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Allied Health Science 

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             Allied Health Professions are a collection of healthcare professionals who use their skills to prevent disease transmission diagnose, treat, and rehabilitate patients of all ages and specialities.

To maintain optimal physical, sensory, psychological, cognitive, and social functions, they may provide direct patient care, rehabilitation, treatment, diagnostics, and health improvement treatments collaborating with various technical and support professionals.

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The Role of Allied Health Science Profession:

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• Allied health sciences are concerned with all types of diagnostic techniques used in the medical field (e.g., blood analysis, histopathology, pathological analysis, radiography) and are extremely important in treating patients.

• With the reliance on technology for diagnosis, the role of allied health professionals has become critical in delivering effective treatment.

• These individuals are actively involved in correctly analysing and diagnosing diseases, allowing clinicians to correlate symptoms with diagnoses and accurately treat patients.

 

          All paramedical technicians and supervisors in the Medical Laboratory (Microbiology, Pathology, Biochemistry, blood bank, etc.), Operation Theatre, Neuro-Physiology labs, Radio-imaging, nutrition, Nursing, and optical laboratories are considered allied health professionals. 

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